Printing Some Dinner

It is inevitable that 3-D printers will find applications in the kitchen, especially as they become cheaper and more ubiquitous. The geniuses at Evil Mad Scientist Laboratories have already unveiled the CandyFab 4000, a device that prints forms with sugar instead of the usual plastic resins.

Chef Homaro Cantu of Moto restaurant in Chicago has been printing edible menus for a few years, and has also used edible printed paper in the place of traditonal nori to wrap maki rolls.

Leave it to the MIT Media Lab to predict the future of this technology. Their Fluid Interfaces Group has introduced Cornucopia: Concept Designs for a Digital Gastronomy, a collection of three device concepts that may one day be essential components of every kitchen. Their Robotic Chef and Virtuoso mixer are interesting and within the realm of possibility, but it’s the Digital Fabricator that caught my attention.

The Digital Fabricator is a personal, three-dimensional printer for food, which works by storing, precisely mixing, depositing and cooking layers of ingredients. Its cooking process starts with an array of food canisters, which refrigerate and store a user’s favorite ingredients. These are piped into a mixer and extruder head that can accurately deposit elaborate food combinations with sub-millimeter precision. While the deposition takes place, the food is heated or cooled by the Fabricator’s chamber or the heating and cooling tubes located on the printing head. This fabrication process not only allows for the creation of flavors and textures that would be completely unimaginable through other cooking techniques, but, through a touch-screen interface and web connectivity, also allows users to have ultimate control over the origin, quality, nutritional value and taste of every meal.

As concepts go, it’s pretty cool. You could create layered “food” that changed as you bit through it. You could make complex geometrical forms: Why bother with foams when you could extrude fractal sponges? A multi-course tasting menu could be assembled like a three-dimensional puzzle of interlocking tastes and textures. The possibilities are endless.

Alas, they are only possibilities. The Digital Fabricator is just a concept, albeit a very clever concept. It could languish in the Media Lab thesis graveyard, undeveloped and ignored. But I have an idea that would solve two problems at once: Bring in chef Ferran Adria as a consultant. His genius with molecular gastronomy techniques, combined with the Media Lab’s digital know-how could bring the product to life in a few years. Foodies all over the world (myself included) would jump at the chance to buy a Adria-endorsed food fab.

We get a cool new toy for the kitchen, the Media Lab gets some much-needed exposure in a new market, and Adria has something to do while El Bulli is closed for two years. All I ask in return is a table for two for this year. Any time will do, I’m not picky.

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Meet Doctor Tony

If you watch Anthony Bourdain’s No Reservations and you are also a parent of young children (or a tragic hipster), then you recognized a reference he made in his Egypt show. While enjoying the local cuisine, he said “There’s a party in my tummy, so yummy, so yummy,” which is a line from a song about eating vegetables featured in the debut episode of Yo Gabba Gabba!

Tony and his second wife Ottavia have a three-year-old daughter, Ariane, who loves YGG! And when Daddy is a celebrity, there are things he can do for his daughter that we mere mortals can only dream about. In this case, he’s appearing on his daughter’s favorite show on March 10. Here’s a preview:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8hJ7NH7BBQ&feature=player_embedded

What will Doctor Tony prescribe for Toodee’s cold? Menudo, feijoada, or perhaps a big steaming bowl of phở đặc biệt? The suspense is killing me.

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Chicken with Herbed Dumplings

What do you cook when you want a chicken pot pie but are too lazy/busy to screw around with making a crust? You cook chicken with dumplings. I saw this recipe on Michael Ruhlman’s site and figured it would give me a chance to practice my pâte à choux technique and put together a reasonably quick dinner. That the dish is also one of She Who Must Be Obeyed’s favorites was just extra win.

I started with two carrots and two celery stalks cut into large dice, a diced medium onion, two cups of cooked chicken, a third of a cup of flour, and three tablespoons of butter.

I melted the butter over medium heat, then added the onions and cooked until they were translucent. I stirred in the flour and continued cooking until I could smell the flour toasting.

I whisked in a quart of homemade chicken stock, brought everything to a simmer, than added the chicken, carrots, celery, a bay leaf, and a teaspoon of salt.

I could have stopped here and had a pretty good soup, but I continued on so as not to hear “What, no dumplings?” later. The dumplings were a simpler variation of the gnocchi à la Parisienne I had made before, leaving out the cheese and mustard. And substituting milk for water. And using four eggs instead of seven. And less butter. Well, sort of the same recipe.

Fifteen minutes later I was piping dumplings into boiling water and pulling then out to drain.

If you look carefully, you can see that this batch was thinner and more uniform than the previous attempt. Between then and now I managed to locate a pastry tip with the correct diameter, which made a huge difference in piping out the dough. I froze half of the batch for future use.

By the time the dumplings were done, the chicken and vegetables had thickened. I added the dumplings and simmered for an additional five minutes before serving.

Soft dumplings, smooth sauce, vegetables still slightly firm – the only thing a pot pie had over this was a crispy element, which I remedied by serving a few slices of homemade bread. It was the perfect dish to eat while watching the snow fall. And now that I have extra dumplings in the freezer, I can make this dish again on a whim.

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Maggie’s Marvelous Mardi Gras Macarons

I may be a decent cook, but I know when I’m outclassed by a great baker. When I saw Facebook photos of my friend Maggie’s baking projects – collected in an album titled “Food Porn” – I jokingly suggested that she ship some goodies my way.

She had been baking macarons, and was concerned that they would arrive as a big pile of crumbs. Apparently my idea of shipping them in an egg carton with extra external padding got her thinking. (My other suggestion, individual bubble-wrap envelopes, was impractical and expensive.) She sent me the photo at the top of this post, inspired by the colors usually found in a Mardi Gras king cake, and told me a box was on its way to Chez Belm.

They arrived this afternoon, nearly intact:

I waited until She Who Must Be Obeyed returned home from work before tasting them (I know what can happen if I don’t share). We tried one of each. The purple was lavender and white chocolate, a bit sweet, but you could taste the lavender. The green was matcha (green tea powder) and pistachio, with the pistachio a bit muted. The yellow – and the clear winner – was saffron and vanilla cream. They all tasted wonderful, but the subtlety of the saffron perfectly balanced the sweetness of the macaron.

I have no idea how I’m going to return the favor, but I know what we’re having with tea tonight:

Thanks, Maggie!

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No-Knead Bread, Version 1

All of the rave reviews I read about Artisan Bread in Five Minutes a Day: The Discovery That Revolutionizes Home Baking assured me that I could bake high-quality bread with little effort. Since my previous bread baking attempts have resulted in less than optimal results, it was time to try this “revolutionary” method. My first test was to bake a simple boule loaf with the master recipe.

I began with six and a quarter cups of all-purpose flour, three cups of 100 °F water, one and a half tablespoons of yeast, and one and a half tablespoons of salt.

I dissolved the yeast and salt in the water, which I poured into a six-quart bucket.

I unceremoniously dumped the flour into the water and stirred with a rubber spatula until the flour was completely moistened with no dry spots, resulting in about a quart of wet dough.

The dough needs to rise at room temperature. It’s pretty cold in my kitchen during the day, so I set the bucket (covered with a lid) in my turned-off oven where it would be warmer. After a two hour rise, the dough had quadrupled in volume.

The top was level and full of bubbles.

I moved the covered bucket to the fridge, which helped the dough develop and become easier to handle. After three hours, I sprinkled some flour over the top, pulled up a one-pound chunk of dough, and shaped it into a ball by folding the edges under and rotating a quarter turn after each fold. I set the dough ball on a pizza peel dusted with coarse cornmeal.

I let the dough rise at room temperature for forty minutes while I prepared the oven. I moved my pizza stone from the oven floor to the middle rack, set a broiler pan on a rack underneath the stone, and preheated to 450 °F. At the end of the rise I dusted the top of the dough with flour and slashed a quarter-inch deep cross in the top with a serrated knife.

I let the loaf bake for thirty five minutes until the crust was golden brown.

I cut the loaf only after it had cooled to room temperature.

It was very good bread for the amount of effort I put into baking it. It wasn’t too dense, it had a nice structure, it cut easily, and tasted like the “peasant” loaves I’ve purchased at bakeries. It was a bit chewier than I expected, but not unpleasantly so.

As I prepared the dough, I was bothered by the lack of precision in the recipe. Years of reading Cook’s Illustrated and watching Alton Brown have ingrained in me the principle that baking quantities should always be measured out by weight, not by volume. Yet here I was, measuring flour with the old dip-and-sweep method, knowing that the actual weight of flour could vary from cup to cup by as much at ten percent. In addition, I was using King Arthur all-purpose flour, which has a higher protein content (11.7 percent) than most supermarket AP flour brands (averaging ten percent). The book’s solution — “use a quarter cup less per six cups ” — also seemed too vague.

Was that extra chewiness due to the variability of the flour weight, or is it a property of the dough? I’ve consulted with a baker friend, who provided me with the weight equivalent for a “cup” of flour, so my next test will substitute weights of flour in the master recipe.

But that won’t be for another week. I have a tub of dough in the fridge I have to work through first.

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Trotter Gear

At the other end of the meat case at H Mart where I found the oxtails was a lovely display of pig’s feet. If I’m going on a braising jag, I thought, I might as well go all the way. I had a recipe in mind, so I left with a bagful of animal extremities.

In Beyond Nose to Tail: More Omnivorous Recipes for the Adventurous Cook, Fergus Henderson provides a “Recipe for a Healthy Jar of Trotter Gear (Unctuous Potential)” with this description:

Alluded to in the previous book, but not fully fledged, it now has a name and a place in every kitchen. This unctuous, giving gastronomic tool will become all chefs’ and cooks’ friend, finding untold uses in the kitchen. No fridge should be without its jar of Trotter Gear.

The recipe call for six trotters – just the feet – but I began with four feet that included the first joint as well, technically the trotters and hocks.

After familiarizing myself with porcine appendage anatomy by separating the feet from the hocks, I blanched them in boiling water for five minutes, then drained them to remove a considerable amount of scum that rose to the top.

I returned the meat to the pot and added two onions, two leeks, two carrots, two celery stalks, a head of garlic, a thyme bundle, and a handful of peppercorns. I followed the vegetables with half a bottle of Madeira and enough (homemade) chicken stock to cover. I brought the pot to a simmer.

After three hours in a “gentle oven” (I thought I’d have to guess a temperature, but there’s a conversion table at the back of the book. Gentle oven = 325 °F.), the meat was “totally giving.”

I removed the trotters from the pot and let them cool down, then strained the vegetables out of the cooking liquid and set it aside.

While they were still warm, I picked all of the meat, fat, and skin off the bones, tearing everything into small chunks. When I was done I had a bowl full of bones (left) anjd a bowl full of the good stuff (right).

Although Henderson calls for mixing the meat back into the liquid and storing it in a jar in the fridge, I opted to portion the meat into plastic containers and cover it with the liquid. I cooled the containers down in the fridge before moving them to the Belm Research Kitchen Deep Storage Facility.

There was so much gelatin in this concoction that it solidified as soon as it reached room temperature. No surprise there, I was rendering animal feet in a collagen-enriched stock. As Fergus describes it:

You now have Trotter Gear, nuduals of giving, wobbly trotter captured in a splendid jelly. One can sense its potential even now.

Potential indeed. There’s a pheasant pie I’m thinking about…

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Braised Oxtails with Maitake, Caramelized Orange, and Shallots

Ming Tsai, chef at Blue Ginger, has a cooking show on PBS in which he presents his “east meets west” approach to his food. On a recent show he explored the pairing of maitake mushrooms and Worcestershire sauce, then invited chef Tony Maws of Craigie on Main to present a dish made with the two ingredients. Maws posted the recipe on his blog, which gave me the opportunity to try it myself.

I started with four pounds of cut oxtails, a navel orange sliced into half-inch rounds, three thick slices of ginger (smashed), six whole peeled shallots, a third of a pound of maitake mushrooms,two tablespoons of Worcestershire sauce, two cups of red wine, and some flour.

I salt and peppered the oxtails, sprinkled them with flour, then browned them on all sides on two tablespoons of canola oil.

I removed the oxtails, wiped the pan clean, added more oil, and roasted the orange slices until they were caramelized.

I removed the oranges, added a bit more oil, and roasted the shallots, mushrooms, and ginger until they began to soften. Although it’s not in the recipe, on the show Maws added a Thai bird chile to the pan. I didn’t have a fresh Thais pepper, so I tossed in two dried piquin chiles.

I deglazed the pan with the wine and Worcestershire (the Brits make this easier and call it “Wooster sauce”) and reduced by half. I returned the oxtails and oranges to the pot and added enough chicken stock to come halfway up the oxtails.

I brought the pot to a simmer, covered it, and placed it in a 300 °F oven for three hours.

I strained off the sauce and reduced it until it was thickened.

I served the oxtails with the orange slices and vegetables, added the sauce, and garnished with chopped scallions.

Sometimes Ming’s combinations can feel a but contrived, but the one-two umami punch of the mushrooms and Worcestershire added even more meatiness to the oxtail. The ginger and orange contributed enough brightness and acidity to balance the rich beef, and the heat from the chiles crept in at the end.

I know, another week, another braised dish. When am I going to get off this kick? Given the weather we’ve been having, it could be a while.

Sources:

Oxtails, maitake mushrooms, orange, ginger: H Mart

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Being Fergus Henderson

I‘ve written before about chef Fergus Henderson, who has become one of my culinary inspirations. I learned a while ago that the onset and progression of his Parkinson’s disease required him to stop cooking in his own restaurant, taking on the role of conceiving new recipes for his talented staff to execute.

Two recent tweets from Thomas Blythe, manager of the St. John’s restaurants, brought two Henderson-related items to my attention. The first was a link to a short film, On Authenticity:

As you can see, Henderson was exhibiting classic Parkinsonian symptoms. Compare that to this video, shot last year, which I mentioned in an earlier post:

He’s back in the kitchen, and his symptoms have greatly abated. What happened in between? Henderson underwent deep brain stimulation surgery, described in “Me and My Doctor” from The Observer, the Guardian‘s Sunday magazine.

Read the article; the interaction between Henderson and his doctor is the kind of calm, rational approach that medicine should always strive toward. Sadly, the impact is lessened by the drivel about Emma Thompson and her acupuncturist, but that illustrates two of my biases: science and reason over wishful thinking, and chefs over actors.

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More Mellodrama

I received a few replies following the Melodrama post, in which you attempted to guess all 24 of the songs used in this clip, “Mash-Mello”:

[podcast]http://blog.belm.com/belmblog/audio/mashmello.mp3[/podcast]

As promised, here is the list of clips, in Artist, Album, “Song” format:

  1. King Crimson, In the Court of the Crimson King, “In the Court of the Crimson King”
  2. U2, All That You Can’t Leave Behind, “Beautiful Day”
  3. King Crimson, Lizard, “Cirkus”
  4. Matching Mole, Matching Mole, “O Caroline”
  5. Air, The Virgin Suicides, “Playground Love”
  6. The Flaming Lips, The Soft Bulletin, “Race for the Prize”
  7. Opeth, Damnaton, “Windowpane” (Melotron samples played on a Clavia Nord keyboard)
  8. Radiohead, OK Computer, “Exit Music (For A Film)”
  9. Oasis, What’s the Story, Morning Glory?, “Wonderwall”
  10. Yes, Close to the Edge, “And You And I”
  11. Captain Beefheart, Doc at the Radio Station, “Ashtray Heart”
  12. Tangerine Dream, Phaedra, “Mysterious Semblance at the Strand of Nightmares”
  13. Led Zeppelin, Houses of the Holy, “The Rain Song”
  14. The Beatles, Magical Mystery Tour, “Flying”
  15. Talk Talk, The Colour of Spring, “Life’s What You Make It”
  16. Kraftwerk, Trans-Europe Express, “Trans-Europe Express” (Vako Orchestron, not Mellotron)
  17. Pink Floyd, Ummagumma, “Sysyphus, Pt. 1”
  18. Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, Architecture and Morality, “Joan of Arc”
  19. Led Zeppelin, Houses of the Holy, “Kashmir” (The segment in the clip is actually real instruments, but the Mellotron sections also contain vocals which are too easily identified.)
  20. Big Star, #1 Record, “The India Song”
  21. Genesis, Selling England by the Pound, “Cinema Show”
  22. Yes, Fragile, “Heart of the Sunrise”
  23. David Bowie, David Bowie, “Space Oddity”
  24. Genesis, Foxtrot, Watcher of the Skies

These artists, and any more rescued the Chamberlin and Mellotron from grandma’s living room. If not, we would have had a lot more of this:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrXtmKGkSa4
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Momofuku Pork Buns

My recent trip to H Mart was for more than informational and educational purposes. I was in search of a key ingredient: frozen Chinese mantou buns, which I had been unable to find at any of my local markets. I wanted to make the famous Momofuku pork buns, and the bread was the missing piece.

Of all the dishes chef David Chang features in his cookbook, the pork buns get pride of place in the back cover. He even addresses the popularity of his dish in the intro to the recipe:

It’s weird to be “famous” for something. Can you imagine being Neil Diamond and having to sing “Cracklin’ Rosie” every time you get onstage for the rest of your life? Neither can I. But if Momofuku is “famous” for something, it’s these steamed pork buns. Are they good? They are. Are they something that sprang from our collective imagination like Athena out of Zeus’s forhead? Hell no. They’re just our take on a pretty common Asian food formula: steamed bread + tasty meat = good eating.

The recipe is dead simple, but requires a day or two of advance preparation. The main component, pork belly, is a separate simple recipe. I started with three thick slabs of skinless meaty pork belly and a quarter cup each of sugar and kosher salt.

I miked the salt and sugar together, then rubbed it into the pork, which I placed in a small baking dish.

I covered the pork with plastic wrap and let it sit in the fridge for sixteen hours. The salt mixture pulled excess liquid out of the pork, which I poured off.

I cooked the belly in a 450 °F oven for an hour, basting every thirty minutes, then turned the heat down to 250 °F, baking for another hour. I cooled the pork on a rack and strained the fat for future use. If you look carefully, you’ll see that the closest slab has a lighter corner: chef quality control, of course.

I wrapped the pork in plastic for another rest in the fridge. The most difficult part of the recipe was complete.

Final assembly of the dish took less than thirty minutes. I prepared the garnishes first: a sliced scallion, a few tablespoonfuls of hoisin sauce, and quick pickles made by tossing sliced English cucumber in a tablespoon of sugar and a teaspoon of salt.

I placed the frozen buns on squares of parchment, then set them into a bamboo steamer.

Although Chang provides a recipe for steamed buns, he has this to day about using frozen:

If you have that option – a Chinese bakery or restaurant where you can easily buy them, or even a well-stocked freezer section at a local Chinese grocery store – I encourage you to exercise it without any pangs of guilt. How many sandwich shops bake their own bread? Right. Don’t kill yourself. But don’t be put off by the idea of making them either. They’re easy and they freeze perfectly.

I set the steamer on a wok of boiling water and let the buns reheat for about three minutes.

While the buns steamed, I sliced the pok inth half-inch by two inch slabs, and heated them over medium heat until they were soft.

For the final assembly, I opened the buns, smeared them with hoisin, placed two pickles on one side and the pork on the other, then garnished everything with a small sprinkle of scallions.

A quick fold and they were ready to eat, with a bottle of sriracha sauce on the side for optional heat.

When a dish has as few ingredients as this one (seven: buns, pork, cucumber, scallions, hoisin, salt, and sugar), each has to support the others, the balance has to be perfect. Even though I didn’t make a traditional char siu pork preparation, what I tasted was the flavor of char siu. It may not have had the complexity provided by a five-spice rub, but I didn’t miss it at all. This is the genius of Chang’s recipes: he recreates the tastes of traditional dishes perfectly, but with much less work.

The three of us practically inhaled the buns, they were that good. A return trip to H Mart is in order very soon; I need to buy more pork and buns for the freezer.

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